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| 1 | |
Brett sees a beautiful young lady walking by. He immediately thinks, "I should jump her bones." Which Freudian structure is operating to make Brett think this way? |
| | A) | id |
| | B) | ego |
| | C) | superego |
| | D) | ego ideal |
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| 2 | |
According to Freud, information that you are not currently aware of that can easily be recalled into awareness is found in the: |
| | A) | preconscious. |
| | B) | conscious. |
| | C) | unconscious. |
| | D) | subconscious. |
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| 3 | |
To prevent itself from being overwhelmed by excessive demands from the id and superego, the ego relies on: |
| | A) | the Oedipus complex. |
| | B) | the reality principle. |
| | C) | the pleasure principle. |
| | D) | defense mechanisms. |
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| 4 | |
The neo-Freudians placed greater emphasis than Freud on the functions of the _______, and they also paid greater attention to the effects of ________________ on personality development. |
| | A) | ego; society and culture |
| | B) | id; instincts and wish fulfillment |
| | C) | superego; conscience |
| | D) | unconscious; dreams |
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| 5 | |
Adler used the term "inferiority complex" to describe situations in which adults have not been able to overcome the feelings of inferiority that they developed as children, when they were small and limited in their knowledge about the world. Early ____________ have an important effect on how well children are able to outgrow feelings of personal inferiority. |
| | A) | psychosexual stages |
| | B) | archetypes |
| | C) | social relationships with parents |
| | D) | Oedipal feelings |
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| 6 | |
The most influential trait approach today contends that five broad trait factors—called the "Big Five"—lie at the core of personality. Which of the following traits is one of the "Big Five" and also one of Eysenck's three major dimensions? |
| | A) | extraversion |
| | B) | agreeableness |
| | C) | openness to experience |
| | D) | conscientiousness |
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| 7 | |
Eric bought a kit to build a shed. Looking at all the parts he did not know what to do. However, after watching a short video he was able to put all the pieces together to construct the shed. This is an example of: |
| | A) | classical conditioning. |
| | B) | observational learning. |
| | C) | operant learning. |
| | D) | latent learning. |
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| 8 | |
People with high self-efficacy have higher aspirations and greater persistence in working to attain goals, and ultimately achieve greater success than those with lower self-efficacy. How do we develop self-efficacy? |
| | A) | by direct reinforcement |
| | B) | by paying close attention to our prior successes and failures |
| | C) | by encouragement from others |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 9 | |
Dopamine appears to be involved in the personality trait(s) of: |
| | A) | conscientiousness. |
| | B) | neuroticism. |
| | C) | extroversion and thrill-seeking. |
| | D) | aggression and altruism. |
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| 10 | |
Rita was an accomplished author, businesswoman, entrepreneur, sculptor, philanthropist, and stateswoman. She became the first woman president of her country. According to Maslow and Rogers, Rita has probably fulfilled her need for: |
| | A) | self-actualization. |
| | B) | self-efficacy. |
| | C) | self-esteem. |
| | D) | conditional positive regard. |
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| 11 | |
Mike is senior class president, quarterback of the football team, and captain of the baseball team. His parents are proud of their all-American jock son. They go to all his games and practices. Midway through the senior year, Mike decides to try out for the senior play. He gets the title role of Romeo in Romeo and Juliet. His parents disapprove. They do not want their jock son to go flitting around in tights. They think it unseemly. They do not go to his rehearsals nor do they attend the performance. Mike is being raised by his parents through the receipt of: |
| | A) | unconditional positive regard. |
| | B) | conditional positive regard. |
| | C) | self-efficacy |
| | D) | self-esteem |
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| 12 | |
After administering a particular test to a large number of people and determining the typical scores, you would be able to compare a single person's score to the scores of the group, providing a comparative measure of test performance against the performance of others who have taken the test. You have established and applied test: |
| | A) | validity. |
| | B) | norms. |
| | C) | reliability. |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 13 | |
To create the MMPI-2, groups of psychiatric patients with a specific diagnosis, such as depression or schizophrenia, were asked to complete a large number of items on a test. The test authors then determined which items best differentiated members of these groups from a comparison group of normal participants. This process is called: |
| | A) | norming. |
| | B) | establishing reliability. |
| | C) | test standardization. |
| | D) | screening. |
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| 14 | |
Tim was given a series of personality tests to help assess his personality. On one of the tests, Tim looked at a series of inkblots and told the clinician what he saw. Tim probably was taking which personality test? |
| | A) | Rorschach |
| | B) | MMPI-2 |
| | C) | TAT |
| | D) | Kinetic Family Drawing |
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| 15 | |
The use of ambiguous, unstructured stimuli to assess personality is called __________ testing. |
| | A) | inductive |
| | B) | subjective |
| | C) | discriminative |
| | D) | projective |
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| 16 | |
James initiated a program at work to have all future employees tested to determine if they would make good employees. James should keep in mind which of the following when making a decision based on test results? |
| | A) | He must understand what the test claims to measure. |
| | B) | He must base no decision only on the results of one test. |
| | C) | He must remember that test results are not always accurate. |
| | D) | All of these |
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