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| 1 | |
Health psychologists are interested in researching the association between one's emotional state and the success of the ____________ in fighting disease. |
| | A) | mind |
| | B) | body |
| | C) | immune system |
| | D) | brain |
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| 2 | |
A stressor: |
| | A) | is a person's response to events that threaten or challenge them. |
| | B) | produces threats to our well-being. |
| | C) | is always positive. |
| | D) | is always negative. |
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| 3 | |
Josh recently was fired from his latest employment as a sanitary engineer. He is experiencing a: |
| | A) | cataclysmic stressor. |
| | B) | personal stressor. |
| | C) | background stressor. |
| | D) | daily hassle. |
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| 4 | |
The second stage of the general adaptation syndrome is resistance; in this stage, people: |
| | A) | prepare to fight the stressor. |
| | B) | prepare to move on to the next stage. |
| | C) | become aware of the presence of a stressor. |
| | D) | run away from the stressor in alarm. |
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| 5 | |
Stress produces indirect consequences that result in declines in health. An example of this is a reduction in the likelihood of obtaining health care. Which of the following is another indirect consequence of stress? |
| | A) | increased nicotine, drug, and alcohol use |
| | B) | decreased compliance with medical advice |
| | C) | an overall decline in the functioning of the immune system |
| | D) | a variety of psychosomatic illnesses |
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| 6 | |
Some victims of major catastrophes and severe personal stressors experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), in which someone has experienced a significantly stressful event that has long-lasting effects that may include: |
| | A) | re-experiencing the event in vivid flashbacks or dreams. |
| | B) | an increase in personal stressors. |
| | C) | emotional sensitivity. |
| | D) | irritation. |
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| 7 | |
Angela looked at what was left of her house after the tornado had leveled it. She turned to her friend and said, "Well, look on the bright side. I now will have a new house." Angela is using a process known as: |
| | A) | emotion-focused coping. |
| | B) | problem-focused coping. |
| | C) | external control. |
| | D) | learned helplessness. |
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| 8 | |
Which of the following occurs when people conclude that conditions in their lives that are intolerable cannot be controlled, and they give up on trying to change them? |
| | A) | conflict distress |
| | B) | problem-focused coping |
| | C) | learned helplessness |
| | D) | challenge frustration |
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| 9 | |
The following are guidelines for effective coping strategies, except: |
| | A) | turn a threat into a challenge. |
| | B) | make a threatening situation less threatening. |
| | C) | maintain your goals. |
| | D) | take physical action. |
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| 10 | |
Which of the following is characteristic of the typical Type B individual? |
| | A) | competitive |
| | B) | aggressive |
| | C) | not especially time-oriented |
| | D) | driven regarding their work |
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| 11 | |
The importance of the Type A behavior pattern lies in its links to: |
| | A) | coronary heart disease. |
| | B) | cancer. |
| | C) | diabetes. |
| | D) | eating disorders. |
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| 12 | |
Darryl is a very insecure, anxious individual who always has a negative outlook on life. He likely fits a: |
| | A) | Type A behavior pattern. |
| | B) | Type B behavior pattern. |
| | C) | Type C behavior pattern. |
| | D) | Type D behavior pattern. |
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| 13 | |
What is the primary cause of why people smoke? |
| | A) | hereditary factors |
| | B) | environmental factors |
| | C) | emotional factors |
| | D) | physiological factors |
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| 14 | |
Cigarette manufacturers are constantly looking for new markets to increase the number of people who smoke. Currently, which of the following would be representative of the most likely target to market smoking? |
| | A) | an African American female |
| | B) | a white American teenager |
| | C) | an Inuit Canadian adult |
| | D) | an adolescent in Hong Kong |
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| 15 | |
Kevin decided that he would adjust his treatment prescribed by his physician by relying on his own medical judgment and experience. This is known as: |
| | A) | fabricated noncompliance. |
| | B) | medical intervention rejection. |
| | C) | systematic self-regulation. |
| | D) | creative nonadherence. |
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| 16 | |
Communication failures between medical care providers and patients occur for several reasons, such as that: |
| | A) | physicians make assumptions about what patients will prefer. |
| | B) | the relatively high prestige of physicians may intimidate patients. |
| | C) | patients may be reluctant to volunteer information that might cast themselves in a bad light. |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 17 | |
The amount of physician–patient communication is related to the _______ of a physician. |
| | A) | age |
| | B) | gender |
| | C) | specialty |
| | D) | friendliness |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following are characteristics of happy people? |
| | A) | high self-esteem |
| | B) | firm sense of control |
| | C) | have close relationships |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 19 | |
Bryan had a serious motorcycle accident where he was in the hospital and therapy for almost a year. Before the accident, Bryan was a happy-go-lucky, carefree individual. During the aftermath of the accident, for about a year he was moody and somewhat down. However, once his therapy was over, he returned to the happy-go-lucky, carefree self again. Which concept can best explain the stability of overall mood experience by Bryan? |
| | A) | learned helplessness |
| | B) | subjective well-being |
| | C) | set point for happiness |
| | D) | ingestion of antidepressants |
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