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| 1 | |
The ease with which attitudes can be changed depends on a number of factors, including: |
| | A) | message source. |
| | B) | characteristics of the message. |
| | C) | characteristics of the target. |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 2 | |
Which individual would likely have the most impact on the effectiveness of a message he or she is communicating? |
| | A) | a 57-year-old former nurse who lost her license as a result of incompetence, is trying to get legislation passed for euthanasia. |
| | B) | a 19-year-old teen heartthrob rocker, who is promoting the latest new acne care product. |
| | C) | a 42-year-old unemployed factory worker, who is promoting her own motivational tapes. |
| | D) | a 14-year-old hospital volunteer, who is crusading for the payment of hospital volunteers. |
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| 3 | |
Sandra has decided to vote for a candidate for President because he is so handsome and looks so honest. This type of processing is called: |
| | A) | central route processing. |
| | B) | peripheral route processing. |
| | C) | deep processing. |
| | D) | shallow processing. |
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| 4 | |
Social cognition: |
| | A) | is a set of cognitions about people and social experiences. |
| | B) | is the process by which an individual organizes information about another person to form an overall impression of that person. |
| | C) | is the way people understand and make sense of others and themselves. |
| | D) | seeks to explain how we decide what the specific causes of a person's behavior are. |
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| 5 | |
People pay particular attention to certain unusually important traits—known as central traits—to help them form an overall impression of others. The strong influence of these central traits may account for: |
| | A) | cognitive dissonance. |
| | B) | stereotyping. |
| | C) | liking. |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 6 | |
The tendency to think of people as being similar to oneself, even when meeting them for the first time is known as the: |
| | A) | halo effect. |
| | B) | self-serving bias. |
| | C) | fundamental attribution error. |
| | D) | assumed-similarity bias. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following statements is NOT true about conformity? |
| | A) | The more attractive the group appears to its members, the greater its ability to produce conformity. |
| | B) | Conformity is higher when people must respond privately. |
| | C) | Groups that unanimously support a position show the most pronounced conformity pressures. |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 8 | |
In which situation will Nicole most likely conform to the actions of the group? |
| | A) | a group of individuals who are sitting on the floor instead of chairs, where Nicole is in charge |
| | B) | a group of individuals who are facing the back in an elevator in a major department store |
| | C) | a group of individuals who are working on applying basic principles to a well-known problem |
| | D) | a group of individuals where a few members disagree with the majority |
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| 9 | |
The process by which the actions of an individual or group affect the behavior of others is called: |
| | A) | social judgments. |
| | B) | majority conformity. |
| | C) | social representation. |
| | D) | social influence. |
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| 10 | |
James calls you on the phone and asks for a $1,000 contribution to support the Save the Library Foundation. You tell him that you cannot afford a donation like that. He then asks you for $25 dollars and you readily agree, although you usually only give $10 to each charity. This technique is known as the: |
| | A) | foot-in-the door technique. |
| | B) | door-in-the-face technique. |
| | C) | that's-not-all technique. |
| | D) | not-so-free-sample technique. |
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| 11 | |
Receiving a not-so-free sample suggests the need for: |
| | A) | reciprocation. |
| | B) | incentive sharing. |
| | C) | satisfaction. |
| | D) | obedience. |
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| 12 | |
Prejudice: |
| | A) | is a positive evaluation of a group and its members. |
| | B) | is a negative evaluation of a group and its members. |
| | C) | occurs when a member of a racial group is evaluated in terms of race and not because of his or her own characteristics or abilities. |
| | D) | is all of these. |
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| 13 | |
Which of the following is most likely to lead to exclusion from jobs, neighborhoods, or educational opportunities, and may result in members of particular groups receiving lower salaries and benefits? |
| | A) | stereotyping |
| | B) | prejudice |
| | C) | discrimination |
| | D) | attributions |
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| 14 | |
The __________ is, in the beginning, a false definition of the situation that brings about a new behavior which makes the original false assumption come "true." |
| | A) | social role |
| | B) | stereotype |
| | C) | self-fulfilling prophesy |
| | D) | fundamental attribution error |
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| 15 | |
When a white civil rights leader who has championed the African American cause took the ___________________, she discovered that she was actually prejudiced against African Americans. This is because the test permits a more accurate assessment of people's discrimination between members of different groups. |
| | A) | Prejudice Prevention Scale |
| | B) | Stereotype Assessment Test |
| | C) | The True Belief Scale |
| | D) | The Implicit Association Test |
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| 16 | |
According to __________ to stereotyping and prejudice, the behavior of parents, other adults, and peers shapes children's feelings about members of various groups. |
| | A) | observational learning approaches |
| | B) | human cognitive approaches |
| | C) | proximity influence approaches |
| | D) | discrimination judgment approaches |
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| 17 | |
Which of the following is not one of the factors that initially attracts two people to each other? |
| | A) | proximity |
| | B) | physical attractiveness |
| | C) | dissimilarity |
| | D) | mere exposure |
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| 18 | |
Eric is more likely to like someone who: |
| | A) | likes his family. |
| | B) | is similar. |
| | C) | is similar to his family. |
| | D) | is similar to his friends. |
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| 19 | |
Sternberg proposes that love consists of three components; which is not one of them? |
| | A) | decision/commitment |
| | B) | intimacy |
| | C) | passion |
| | D) | platonic |
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| 20 | |
According to the frustration-aggression hypothesis: |
| | A) | frustration builds up and causes the organism to ultimately discharge it aggressively. |
| | B) | produces anger that leads to a readiness to act aggressively. |
| | C) | we see others become frustrated and this causes us to model their behavior and behave aggressively. |
| | D) | None of these |
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| 21 | |
Prosocial is a more formal way of describing behavior that is: |
| | A) | helping. |
| | B) | cathartic. |
| | C) | innate. |
| | D) | aggressive. |
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