Environmental Science, 10th Edition (Cunningham)

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Overview: Grinnell Glacier, Montana, p. 337

One of the most frequently visited glaciers is Grinnell Glacier, named after George Bird Grinnell, who founded the Audubon Society and was instrumental in exploring and preserving Glacier Park. Compare the historic and current photos of this glacier in figure 15.18 with this satellite image. Try flying around the mountain to get a view of nearby peaks and valleys.

1			The 1914 photo in figure 15.18 shows the glacier reaching as far as the pond that is in the foreground in the default view for this place marker. How long is the ice sheet now, compared to its length in 1914?
			A)	The glacier was about 1 km long in 1914 and 6 km today.
			B)	The glacier was about 1 km long in 1914 and 3 km today.
			C)	The glacier was about 1.4 km long in 1914 and 2 km today.
			D)	The glacier was about 1.4 km long in 1914 and 0.6 km today.
			E)	The glacier was about 5 km long in 1914 and 0.2 km today.
2			What is the smooth, gray area dotted with white to the north of the glacier's snout?
			A)	The smooth, gray area is a very slow-moving but massive waterfall.
			B)	The smooth, gray area is a melt pond dotted with icebergs.
			C)	The smooth, gray area is a mono-crop farm growing high-altitude produce.
			D)	The smooth, gray area is a rare high-altitude chaparral micro-bioregion.
			E)	The smooth, gray area is a grassy knoll with large, bleached-white boulders.
3			Why is the small, heart-shaped lake in the valley below the glacier a turquoise color?
			A)	The color is due to finely crushed rock ground up by the glacier.
			B)	The color is due to an algal bloom.
			C)	The color is due to fertilizer run-off.
			D)	The color is due to a rare high-altitude swamp
			E)	The color is due to the high population of turquoise Alpine crabs in the lake.
4			What do you call a horseshoe- or bowl-shaped valley with straight walls such as the one formed by the Grinnell Glacier?
			A)	A horseshoe-shaped valley
			B)	A bowl-shaped valley
			C)	A caldera
			D)	A morain
			E)	A cirque
5			Move along the ridge, and you will see many rounded, vertical walls like that at the top of the Grinnell Glacier. Roughly how many of these contain snow or ice?
			A)	None of the cirques along this ridge contain snow or ice.
			B)	Only one of the cirques along this ridge contains snow or ice
			C)	Only two of the cirques along this ridge contain snow or ice.
			D)	Only about four of the cirques along this ridge contain snow or ice
			E)	Only about six of the cirques along this ridge contain snow or ice.