Environmental Science, 10th Edition (Cunningham)

Chapter 17: Water Use and Management

Practice Quizzing

1
The main events in the hydrologic cycle include
A)evaporation of water off the earth's surface driven by solar energy.
B)condensation of gaseous water into droplets, liquid or solid.
C)the gravitational pull of water or ice droplets to earth as rain or snow.
D)all of the above.
2
The temperature at which gaseous water condenses to form liquid water is called
A)the sublimation point.
B)the dew point.
C)the relative humidity point.
D)none of the above.
3
Evaporation is greatest at
A)the equator.
B)mid-latitudes.
C)higher latitudes.
D)polar regions.
4
_______ percent of earth's water is freshwater.
A)Two
B)Ten
C)Thirty
D)Fifty
5
Approximately ____________ percent of all Americans depend on groundwater for their water.
A)5
B)25
C)50
D)75
6
The dip in the water table below wells is called the
A)recharge area.
B)discharge area.
C)cone of depression.
D)aquifer.
7
Worldwide per capita use of water has
A)remained remarkably constant over the centuries.
B)increased slightly.
C)increased substantially.
D)actually dropped because of technological advances.
8
The largest single use of water for industrial purposes is for
A)canning and food processing.
B)cooling.
C)power production.
D)washing produce in food processing industries.
9
Obtaining usable freshwater by processing seawater is
A)not cost-effective in most places.
B)not technically possible on a large scale.
C)widely expected to resolve the water crisis in most developing countries that front on oceans.
D)none of the above.
10
A recent reassessment by the U.S. Forest Service has concluded that in economic terms the highest and best use of the nation's forests is for
A)logging.
B)mining.
C)watershed protection.
11
Sublimation is the process by which water moves directly from the solid state to the gaseous state without first becoming liquid.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
12
Aquifers are porous underground geological formations from which water can be extracted.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
13
Groundwater recharge in most areas of the U.S. is just barely keeping up with the rate of water withdrawal.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
14
The land area drained by a particular stream is called a watershed.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
15
Transpiration
A)occurs when plants absorb ground water and return it to the atmosphere
B)returns as much as 75% of the precipitation that falls on tropical forests to the atmosphere
C)is an important component of the hydrologic cycle
D)All of the above
16
Relative humidity is the absolute percentage of the air that is occupied by water.
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
17
Rain shadows
A)are areas of particularly high precipitation
B)are areas known for receiving little precipitation
C)generally do not occur near mountains
D)1 and 3 are correct
18
Wetlands are important for the infiltration of water into aquifers
A)TRUE
B)FALSE
19
Subsidence
A)is a result of groundwater extraction
B)is responsible for the sinking of valleys, such as the San Joaquin in California
C)refers to responsible groundwater extraction in which aquifers are allowed to recharge.
D)1 and 2 are correct
20
Which of the following are characteristics of aquifers?
A)slow recharge rates
B)they often hold water that was deposited there thousands of years ago
C)sometimes cause saltwater intrusion when depleted
D)All of the above
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