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| 1 | |
The sequence of events in protein synthesis can be summed up as follows: |
| | A) | DNA --> transcription --> RNA --> translation. |
| | B) | DNA --> translation --> RNA --> transcription. |
| | C) | DNA --> RNA --> transcription --> translation. |
| | D) | DNA --> RNA --> translation --> transcription. |
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| 2 | |
The differences between DNA and RNA include the following: |
| | A) | DNA is usually double stranded (duplex); RNA is usually single stranded (simplex). |
| | B) | The DNA sugar is ribose; the RNA sugar is deoxyribose. |
| | C) | Thymine is found in the RNA nucleotides; Uracil takes the place of thymine in DNA. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 3 | |
If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the complementary (non-coding) strand will be |
| | A) | ACAGTCGAT. |
| | B) | TGTCAGCTA. |
| | C) | UGUCAGCUA. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 4 | |
If the DNA coding strand is ACAGTCGAT, the mRNA strand will be |
| | A) | ACAGTCGAT. |
| | B) | TGTCAGCTA. |
| | C) | UGUCAGCUA. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 5 | |
Which statement is true? |
| | A) | Coiled eukaryotic DNA strands with attached proteins are called HU proteins. |
| | B) | Histone clusters are called nucleosomes. |
| | C) | The prokaryotic DNA strands should be referred to as chromatin fibers. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 6 | |
DNA polymerase is the enzyme that |
| | A) | unzips the DNA strands. |
| | B) | adds new nucleotides to the growing DNA strand. |
| | C) | edits the new DNA molecule. |
| | D) | ties together new pieces of DNA. |
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| 7 | |
Telomeres are |
| | A) | knots in the center of the chromosome that seem to tie the chromatids together. |
| | B) | starting points for DNA replication. |
| | C) | molecules that bring new nucleotides to the replicating DNA strand. |
| | D) | sequences of nucleotides found at ends of chromosomes. |
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| 8 | |
Which is the correct genetic sequence? |
| | A) | promoter sequence, protein code, terminator sequence |
| | B) | promoter sequence, initiation code, gene, terminator code |
| | C) | initiation sequence, promoter, gene, terminator region |
| | D) | initiation code, promoter, gene, terminator region, terminator code |
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| 9 | |
The RNA polymerase |
| | A) | breaks the attachment between the DNA strands. |
| | B) | attaches to the start intron. |
| | C) | brings in the nucleotide alanine. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 10 | |
Transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules |
| | A) | have a midsection known as a codon. |
| | B) | are formed from non-functional mRNA molecules. |
| | C) | pick up specific amino acids and take them to the ribosome. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 11 | |
When discussing split genes, it is important to remember that |
| | A) | the intron is a part of the gene, the exon is not. |
| | B) | the exon is a part of the gene, the intron is not. |
| | C) | both the intron and the exon are function parts of the gene. |
| | D) | neither the intron nor the exon is a functional part of the gene. |
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| 12 | |
Which statement(s) about mutations is/are correct? |
| | A) | Any change in the nucleic acid (whether "good," "bad," or "indifferent") is called a mutation. |
| | B) | A point mutation involves a complete codon rather than a single nucleotide. |
| | C) | A missense mutation causes a change in the amino acid at a given location. |
| | D) | All of the above. |
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| 13 | |
The DNA template is used for |
| | A) | DNA replication and RNA transcription. |
| | B) | DNA replication and RNA translation. |
| | C) | RNA transcription and RNA translation. |
| | D) | None of the above. |
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| 14 | |
Helicases are enzymes that |
| | A) | recombine the parts of the molecule adenine to form guanine. |
| | B) | recombine the parts of the molecule thymine to form cytosine. |
| | C) | function as mutagenic agents. |
| | D) | bind to the DNA and separate the two strands. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following could have RNA as their genetic material? |
| | A) | bacteria |
| | B) | animals |
| | C) | eukarya |
| | D) | certain viruses |
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| 16 | |
One difference between preRNA and mature RNA is |
| | A) | kinds of nucleotide components. |
| | B) | presence of extra RNA in preRNA. |
| | C) | the part of DNA from which they were coded. |
| | D) | only the age of the molecules. |
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| 17 | |
The current estimate for the number of genes in human cells is |
| | A) | 100,000. |
| | B) | 80,000. |
| | C) | 55,000. |
| | D) | 25,000. |
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| 18 | |
The site of protein synthesis is |
| | A) | at the nuclear membrane. |
| | B) | at ribosomes. |
| | C) | near microfilaments. |
| | D) | always at a Golgi body. |
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| 19 | |
While one strand of duplex DNA is being transcribed to mRNA |
| | A) | the complementary strand makes tRNA. |
| | B) | the complementary strand is inactive. |
| | C) | the complementary strand at this point is replicating. |
| | D) | mutations are impossible during this short period. |
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| 20 | |
Chromosomes are composed of what macromolecules? |
| | A) | DNA and Histone proteins |
| | B) | only DNA |
| | C) | DNA and RNA |
| | D) | histone proteins only |
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| 21 | |
Removing only one base in a DNA sequence |
| | A) | usually has no effect on the organism. |
| | B) | could result in a chromosomal mutation. |
| | C) | cannot occur without extremes of heat and pressure. |
| | D) | can result in a significant change in the information about a protein. |
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| 22 | |
A major difference between the genetic data of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that in prokaryotes the |
| | A) | genes are RNA not DNA. |
| | B) | histones are arranged differently. |
| | C) | duplex DNA is circular. |
| | D) | duplex DNA is absent in bacteria. |
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| 23 | |
If the DNA gene strand has the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG, the complementary DNA strand will have the sequence |
| | A) | CCA - TAT - TCG. |
| | B) | GGU - AUA - AGC. |
| | C) | CCA - UAU - UCG. |
| | D) | GGT - ATA - AGC. |
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| 24 | |
A DNA gene strand with the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG will be transcribed into RNA with the base sequence |
| | A) | CCA - TAT - TCG. |
| | B) | GGU - AUA - AGC. |
| | C) | CCA - UAU - UCG. |
| | D) | GGT - ATA - AGC. |
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| 25 | |
A DNA gene strand with the base sequence CCA - TAT - TCG codes for the amino acid sequence: (consult the Amino Acid - mRNA Dictionary in your text or lab manual) |
| | A) | proline - tyrosine - serine. |
| | B) | glycine - isoleucine - threonine. |
| | C) | proline- tyrosine - threonine. |
| | D) | glycine - isoleucine - serine. |
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| 26 | |
The mRNA codon CAU will form temporary bonds with the |
| | A) | mRNA anticodon CAU. |
| | B) | mRNA codon GUA. |
| | C) | tRNA anticodon GUA. |
| | D) | tRNA codon CAU. |
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| 27 | |
If the DNA base sequence GAG is mutated to GAC (consult the Amino Acid - mRNA Dictionary in your text) |
| | A) | aspartic acid will substitute for glutamic acid in the resulting polypeptide. |
| | B) | the resulting protein will be unable to function. |
| | C) | there will be no change in the amino acid sequence of the resulting polypeptide. |
| | D) | a chromosomal mutation has occurred. |
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| 28 | |
In eukaryotic cells, mature RNA is formed by the |
| | A) | removal of introns. |
| | B) | removal of exons. |
| | C) | addition of introns. |
| | D) | addition of exons. |
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