How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education, 5/e

Jack R. Fraenkel, San Francisco State University
Norman E. Wallen, San Francisco State University

Variables and Hypotheses

True/False


1	An independent variable is a variable presumed to have no affect or influence on other variables.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


2	A categorical variable is a variable that varies in amount or degree, but not in kind.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


3	The term "hypothesis," as used in research, usually refers to a prediction of results made before a study commences.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


4	When a researcher manipulates a variable in an experiment, it is called the independent variable.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


5	Another name for independent variable is experimental variable.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


6	A directional hypothesis is a prediction that a relationship exists without specifying its exact nature—for example, there will be a difference between method A and method B (without saying which will be more effective).
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


7	If a variable varies only in kind but not in degree or amount, this is called a categorical variable.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


8	A dependent variable is presumed to have no relationship to any independent variables.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


9	An extraneous variable is an independent variable that has no effects on any other variable in the study.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE


10	A directional hypothesis is a prediction about the specific nature of a relationship—for example, method A is more effective than method B.
		A)	TRUE
		B)	FALSE

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